Salman Rushdie :: essays research papers

There have been very few writers who have been dogged by controversy throughout their careers. Some have been persecuted in less enlightened times such as Mark Twain, and some have been ridiculed by the press like Edgar Allan Poe. Yet, Salman Rushdie was the first author in the free world to have been pursued from across continents and forced into hiding because of a death sentence by a foreign government. To say Salman Rushdie is a very controversial writer in today’s society would be a gross understatement. Rushdie in fact could be considered the ideal poster boy for absolute freedom of the press. It is not that Rushdie prides himself on being rebellious, he simply presents his ideas bluntly and it just so happens that his ideas address extremely volatile topics such as the Islam religion. Rushdie’s philosophy was eloquently put when he wrote, â€Å"What is freedom of expression? Without the freedom to offend, it ceases to exist.†Contrary to many great authors, Rushdie did not endure a traumatic childhood, suffer from alcohol addiction, or live with chronic depression. Instead, Rushdie actually had what many would view as a close to perfect upbringing. Rushdie was born in 1947 to a middle-class Moslem family in the great city of Bombay, India. His paternal grandfather was an Urdu poet, and his father a Cambridge educated businessman. At the age of fourteen, Rushdie was sent to Rugby School in England where he excelled in his studies. Rushdie went on to continue his studies at King's College, Cambridge, where he studied history. After graduating in 1968 he worked for a time with television in Pakistan as an actor with the theatre group at Oval House in Kennington. Then, from 1971 to 1981 Rushdie earned his living by working intermittently as a freelance advertising copywriter for Ogilvy and Mather and Charles Barker. Rushdie eventually began his literary career in 1975 when he made his debut with Grimus, a sort of fantastical science fiction novel based on the twelfth century Sufi poem â€Å"The Conference of Birds†. Grimus however received little fame and Rushdie truly broke into the literary world with his second novel Midnight’s Children, in 1981, which won him the Booker prize and international fame. This novel began his controversial persona as well. The novel is a comic allegory of Indian history that revolves around the life of its narrator, Saleem Sinai, and the one thousand children born after India’s Declaration of Independence.

Energy needs Essay

Whether the energy needs of a society depend on wood to provide the basic cooking and heating requirements of village life, or on the immensely varied fuel mix of the industrialized nations with their highly complex production and distribution systems, civilization is impossible without an adequate energy supply. In industrialized societies the situation is further complicated by the competition between the use of fossil fuel as an energy source and their vital role as raw materials for the pertochemical industries, which produce plastics, fertilizers, animal feedstocks, pharmaceuticals, and industrial gases. Thus the so-called energy problem has implications for the whole structure of modern societies. Renewable resources are those which will replenish themselves naturaly in a relatively short time and will therefore always be avialable. They include: Geothermal Energy – which arises through the leakage of heat from the Earth’s interior to the surface. Turbine generator worked through the heat of water coming from underneath the earth. While the turbine is working, mechanical energy produces electricity. Hydroelectric Power – the energy coming from water. Dams are built and when water pass through here, the mechanical energy from the turbines produces electricity. ] Solar Energy – the energy coming from the heat of sun, can be used to produce electricity by means of solar cells or panels. Wind Power – the windmills produced mechanical energy when blown by wind. The mechanical energy produced here is the one that produces electric energy, like other sources of energy. Biomass Energy – energy from bio fuels such as: cultivated crops crop residue natural waste vegetation wood domestic and industrial refuses Malaking tulong ang yamang enerhiya sa mga tao para sa ikagagaan at ikauunlad ng pamumuhay nito. Halimbawa ng yamang enerhiya ay ang kuryente o elektrisidad. Ito ay ginagamit natin sa pang-araw. Sa pagluluto, nandyan ang rice cooker, sa paglalaba, ang gamit natin ay washing machine para hindi tayo mapagod masyado sa paglalaba, ang gamit nating ilaw sa gabi para maliwanag ang ating bahay at kapaligiran. Halos lahat ng gamit natin ngayon ay nangangailangan ng kuryente. Sa mga negosyo, kasama sa pag-unlad nito ay ang paggamit ng yamang enerhiya. Geothermal energy is the heat from the Earth. It’s clean and sustainable. Resources of geothermal energy range from the shallow ground to hot water and hot rock found a few miles beneath the Earth’s surface, and down even deeper to the extremely high temperatures of molten rock called magma. Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower; the production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is the most widely used form of renewable energy, accounting for 16 percent of global electricity generation – 3,427 terawatt-hours of electricity production in 2010,[1] and is expected to increase about 3. 1% each year for the next 25 years. Ang langis ay isang sustansyang kimikal na nasa katayuang malapot na likido (â€Å"malangis†) sa temperaturang pang-silid o mas mainit ng kaunti, at parehong hidropobiko (inmissible o hindi mahalo sa tubig) at lipopiliko (missible o nahahalo sa ibang mga langis, sa literal). Kabilang sa pangkalahatang kahulugan na ito ang mga kompuwestong uri na may ibang hindi kaugnay na mga kimikal na kayarian, katangian at gamit, kabilang ang langis ng gulay, petrokimikang mga langis, at pabagu-bagong mga mahahalagang langis. Hindi polar na sustansya ang langis. Sa kolokyal na gamit, maaaring tumukoy din ang katawagang langis sa petrolyo. arbon o karbono (Kastila: carbono, Ingles: Carbon) ay isang elementong kimikal sa talaang peryodiko na may simbolo na C at bilang atomiko na 6. Matatagpuan ang karbon sa lahat ng organikong buhay at ang batayan ng organikong kimika. May interesadong katangiang kimikal ang hindi metal na elementong ito na maaaring ikawi sa sarili nito at sa malawak na iba’t ibang mga elemento, binubuo ang halos 10 milyong mga kompuwesto. Kapag sinama sa oksihena, binubuo ang dioksido karbono (carbon dioxide) na napakahalaga para sa paglago ng isang halaman. Kapag sinama sa idroheno, binubuo ito ng mga iba’t ibang mga kompuwesto na tinatawag na mga idrokarburo (hydrocarbons) na mahalaga para sa industriya sa anyo ng mga fossil fuel (panggatong fossil). Kapag pinagsama sa parehong oksihena at idroheno, bumubuo ito ng mga iba’t ibang mga kompuwesto kabilang ang mga matatabang asido, na mahalaga sa buhay, at mga ester, na nabigigay lasa sa maraming mga prutas. Karaniwang ginagamit sa radyoaktibong pagtataya ang karbon-14 na isotope. Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful form of energy, such as using wind turbines to make electrical power, windmills for mechanical power, wind pumps for water pumping or drainage, or sails to propel ships. Solar energy, radiant light and heat from the sun, has been harnessed by humans since ancient times using a range of ever-evolving technologies. Solar energy technologies include solar heating, solar photovoltaics, solar thermal electricity, solar architecture and artificial photosynthesis, which can make considerable contributions to solving some of the most urgent energy problems the world now faces Biogas typically refers to a gas produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. It is a renewable energy source, like solar and wind energy. Furthermore, biogas can be produced from regionally available raw materials and recycled waste and is environmentally friendly. Biogas is produced by the anaerobic digestion with anaerobic bacteria or fermentation of biodegradable materials such as manure, sewage, municipal waste, green waste, plant material, and crops. [1] Biogas comprises primarily methane (CH 4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) and may have small amounts of hydrogen sulphide (H 2S), moisture and siloxanes. Ang enerhiyang nukleyar ay galing sa paghihiwalay o paghahati ng mga atomo ng uranyo sa isang proseso ng tinatawag na nukleyar fission. Sa isang planta ng kuryente ang proseso ng fission ay ginagamit upang makagawa ng init, ang init na ito ay gagamitin para makagawa ng mainit na singaw para gamitin sa turbina para makagawa ng kuryente. Ang enerhiyang nukleyar kasulukyang nagbibigay ng halos labing lima (15) porsyento ng kuryente sa buong mundo. Sa kasalukuyan ay merong apat na raan at tatlumput siyam (439) na nukleyar reactor na umaandar sa tatlumpu’t isang bansa (31) ngayon sa mundo. Marami ang tumututol sa paggamit ng enerhiyang nukleyar dahil sa mga aksidente sa nakaraan katulad ng Chernobyl Disaster sa Rusya, ang Three Mile Island Disaster sa Estados Unidos at ang Fukushima 1 sa Hapon. Kung masusing pagaaralan ang presyo per kilowatthour sa enerhiyang nukleyar ay mas mura kesa sa mga nakasanayang coal o diesel na powerplants. Ang nukleyar na enerhiya ay ang pinakamagandang sa mga alternatibo ang dapat lamang ay tamang pagpaplano at ang pagpapatakbo nito ng maayos at ligtas. AEROGAS is a supplier of rare and specialty gases.

Summary Bolivian Penury - 1946 Words

Bolivian Penury Not unlike many of the Southern American countries which were colonized by Spanish conquistadors, Bolivia was imperialized by spaniards in the 16th century through the defeat of the Incan Empire. The native population of Bolivia was thrust immediately into poverty and slavery, though they avoided the major devastation of European disease which ravaged through other native settlements which had been imperialized. Spaniards put slaves to work mining and â€Å"By the end of the 17th century, the mineral wealth had begun to dry up.† (Infoplease) Bolivia gained its independence in 1825 and suffered from much turmoil within and without its borders. It lost much land to outside forces, and political instability, as is common among recently independent countries, contributed to a loss of diminishing wealth. The country currently sits on the second largest natural gas deposit in the world, and also contains much oil, but due to lack of capitalism in the country, it has yet to draw upon this large advantage. Currently, â€Å"the country ranks 108th out of 187 countries on the United Nations Development Programme’s Human Development Index† (IFAD) About 60% of Bolivians are impoverished, and most of this poverty is among the indigenous population. The country suffers such poverty due to: Lack of capitalism, lack of rural roads or forms of easy transportation, limited access to institutions such as schools and hospitals. There are several solutions to the problems present in